The most important cause of gingival recession is inadequate oral hygiene (see Oral Hygiene). Inadequate brushing and flossing allows bacteria to build up between the teeth and below the gumline, which leads to gingival recession. Except for oral hygiene, there are many possible causes of gingival recession:

- Grinding & clenching of the teeth,

- Aggressive tooth brushing,

- Bad habits (pen biting, nail biting etc.)

- Genetic predisposition,

- Tobacco consumption,

- Changes in tooth positions due to unwanted tooth movements (mostly in adjacent teeth that are around tooth lost gap),

- Orthodontic disorders (see Orthodontics).

Gingival recession results in tooth sensitivity, movement of the teeth, tissue loss in inter-dental spaces and aesthetic problems.

Treatment of gingival diseases: Oral hygiene, scaling and root planning, reshaping gingival margins, flap procedure and gingival grafts (transplantion of healthy gum to unhealthy/loss gum).

Keywords: gingival recession, oral hygiene, clench, grind, scaling, root planning, gum